Abstract:

Thermodynamic formalism is justified and developed to describe the supermagnetism of atomic nuclei, clusters and their ensembles. It is proposed the quantitative description of properties of magnetized atomic nuclei in terms of the Zeeman magnetic susceptibility, and cluster superparamagnetism as the Paschen-Back effect with shell corrections. An increase in the cross section of neutron scattering on atomic nuclei in a magnetic field is shown. Magnetic effects are established which put the abundance peaks of synthesis products of atomic nuclei and clusters towards smaller mass numbers. These are introduced and justified the concepts of critical behavior of Van der Waals droplets, superferromagnetism and selforganized criticality in the magnetodynamics of ensembles of atomic nuclei and clusters. Model-independent analytical tools are proposed and applied to quantify and study the critical phenomena corresponding to the liquid-gas phase transition, self-organized criticality, zero-first sound transition in atomic nuclei, clusters and their ensembles. Applications to magneto-resistors and -emitters are considered.

(Based on the materials of the doctoral dissertation)