The PhD thesis presents the methodology and results of computer modelling of the spacecraft’s internal radiation field during flights outside the Earth’s magnetosphere for the purposes of predicting the radiation risk of astronauts. The simulation of the interaction of galactic cosmic ray (GCR) particles with the spacecraft model was performed by the Monte Carlo FLUKA program.

Verification of the obtained results was carried out using experimental data from the RAD and Liulin-MO Detectors. To calculate GCR spectra at different solar activity, the GCRs Spectra program was developed. The algorithm of the program is based on the GCR spectra model of the German Aerospace Centre. Based on the results of the modelling, new approaches were developed with the aim of reproducing a mixed radiation field with similar characteristics in terrestrial conditions using heavy charged particle accelerators. A mathematical model of the simulator of GCR, a facility capable of reproducing the necessary characteristics of mixed radiation fields, was developed and implemented in the gcrs software code. The initial data necessary for the development of the GCR simulator model were obtained using the FLUKA and PHITS Programs. It is shown that the scheme of the GCR simulator proposed in the PhD thesis will allow for further unique experimental research in space radiobiology and can be implemented on the applied research beamlines of the NICA Complex at JINR.